. For other sensory receptor cells, such as taste cells or photoreceptors of the retina, graded potentials in their membranes result in the release of neurotransmitters at synapses with sensory neurons. This is called a receptor potential.

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Depolarization

Depolarizing graded potentials are often the result of Na+ or Ca2+ entering the cell.

encapsulations—graded potentials develop in the dendrites that influence the generation of an action potential in the axon of the same cell.

 graded potentials develop in the dendrites that influence the generation of an action potential in the axon of the same cell.

This is called a generator potential. 

Depolarization in a postsynaptic potential is called an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) because because it causes the membrane potential to move toward threshold. 

Hyperpolarization in a postsynaptic potential is an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) because it causes the membrane potential to move away from threshold.